Demountable concrete form



INVENTOR.

May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed March 16, 1953 May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLECONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed March 16, 1955 y 1962 v.E. o. HENNIG 3,035,321

DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM Original Filed March 16, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 3INVENTOR. M0702 0 #E/VAUG' A TTOEA/E v5 May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIGDEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM Original Filed March 16, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 4IN V EN TOR. V/CTOE 5 Q A/EA/N/- May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIGDEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed March 16, 1955,4 frog/v.56

nited States The concrete form of the present invention is of thedemountable type composed of parts which can be used over again .atleast a considerable number of times, and some parts of which can beused indefinitely. This application is a division of my applicationSerial No. 342,473, filed March 16, 1953, now Patent Number 2,859,503.

Conventional concrete forms involve much carpentry, requiring at leastsemi-skilled labor. The construction of the forms is a tedious processand stripping of the forms from the completed wall requires considerabletime. Where lumber is used in constructing the forms, usually dimensionlumber and shiplap, it is expensive to use again either for form work orfor other purposes because it must be cleaned, and the nails pulled fromit. Plywood has also been used for forms, which is more convenient touse again, but the supporting pieces of dimension lumber still must bereclaimed and nails pulled from the plywood, limiting the types ofpurpose for which the lumber can be reused.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a type ofconcrete form work utilizing frame members of a permanent type forsupporting plywood panels specially prepared for use with such framemembers. These plywood panels can be supported by the frame memberswithout requiring to be nailed in place, and consequently they are notdamaged by having nails driven through them, nor is it necessary tospend time pulling nails from the panels.

In assembling the permanent frame members to support the plywood formpanels it is an object to provide connections between the frame membersthemselves, between such members and the panels, and between suchmembers and other parts of the form work as to minimize the skill andamount of labor required to assemble the frame members and panels, andto minimize the connections between such members, the members and thepanels, and the members and other form parts consistent with adequatestrength and stiffness. At the same time routine assembly of the framemembers will result in a form which is straight and true because of thetype of structure used.

A further object is to provide permanent frame mem bers which, whilestrong, are of light weight and of simple and economical construction.Nevertheless, such frame members are extremely versatile, being usableconveniently for forms required for walls of different thickness, ofdifferent height, having footings of different width, or placed indifferent positions on the footing, or which may be tapered from bottomto top, or inclined instead of being precisely vertical. Such formmembers can be constructed to be folded easily for storage purposes, orto occupy minimum space when being transported from one job to another.

Not only can the frame members be used to make accurate forms withsemi-skilled or unskilled labor, but after a workman has assembled theform members a few times, he will be able to put them together veryquickly and with a minimum of effort, saving much time as well asmaterial over that required for building conventional forms. Byreversing the procedure after the concrete work has been poured theframe members and plywood panels may also be demounted far more quicklythan conventional nailed forms can be stripped.

atnt

The design of the forms in accordance with this invention utilizesstandard structural members for the most part for the sake of economy,yet these are combined in a novel and effective manner to accomplish theobjects recited above. Moreover, the elements may be utilized in theconstruction of certain special form shapes as well as for the simplesttype of concrete walls involving walls of uniform thickness extendingover a height of one story.

In the fabrication of forms utilizing the present invention the footingforms may be conventional, being constructed of stringers on edgesuitably anchored relative to the ground, such as by stakes driven intothe ground and secured together by cleats or battens interconnecting andnailed to their upper edges. On these cleats and extending lengthwise ofthe stringers are two alignment strips disposed in parallel relationshipand spaced apart edgewise a distance equal to the thickness of the walland the form panels. Fabricated uprights are stood at predeterminedintervals along such alignment strips and secured relative to them. Suchuprights are formed of conventional structural shapes such as a pair ofstructural angles, or of parallel wood pieces. These uprights have feetand head assemblies at opposite ends which may be of a type to foldrelative to the upright for storage and during transportation, and maybe secured at various angle positions relative to the body of theupright for use in constructing forms for sloping faced walls. Moreover,such uprights are preferably adjustable in length for use inconstructing forms for walls of different heights. Panels braced by theuprights, and the uprights themselves, may be secured in place by formties. Walers both for straight wall bracing and for supporting buttressforms may be secured readily to such uprights. I The details of theabove-mentioned elements of the novel form structure shown in theaccompanying drawings are discussed more fully in the following specificdescription.

FIGURE 1 is a plan view with parts broken away of a portion of a footingform with the alignment strips in place.

FIGURE 2 is a plan View of a portion of a wall form, parts being brokenaway. FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through acorner detail of the form shown in FIGURE 2, and FIGURE 4 is afragmentary horizontal sectional view through another corner detail ofthe form shown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a top perspective view of a section of concrete wall formwith parts broken away. FIGURE 6 is a top perspective view of afragmentary portion of such wall form in which parts are broken away.

FIGURE 7 is a top perspective View of an end portion of an upright,showing the uprights foot in operative position, parts of it beingbroken away. FIGURE 8 is a top perspective view of substantially thesame portion of the upright, but showing the uprights foot folded fortransportation or storage of the upright.

FIGURE 9 is a transverse vertical sectional view through a form for avertical wall centered on its footing shown somewhat diagrammatically.FIGURE 10 is a similar view showing the wall form offset from the centerof the footing form. FIGURE 11 is a similar view of a wall form centeredon the footing form with one form side having batter. FIGURE 12 is asimilar view of a wall form centered on the footing form, in which thewall form is inclined.

FIGURE 13 is a vertical sectional view through a fragmentary portion ofthe form shown in FIGURE 5 and through a cross-tie tensioning block.

FIGURE 14 is a vertical sectional view through the upper portion of aform and poured concrete wall incorporating a corbel ledge. FIGURE 15 isa similar 3 view showing a form and concrete wall section superimposedon the form and wall section of FIGURE 14.

FIGURE 16 is a top perspective view of a fragmentary portion of the formbottom and footing incorporating a buttress form.

FIGURE 17 is a vertical sectional view through a form utilizing anotherembodiment of my invention, taken on line 1717 of FIGURE 18, and FIGURE18 is a horizontal section through a portion of the form taken on line18-18 of FIGURE 17.

The form structure to which this invention pertains incorporates threemajor components, namely the panels, preferably of plywood, againstwhich the concrete is poured, the uprights which brace the panels, andalignment strips interconnecting the lower ends of the uprights and theupper ends of the uprights to hold such uprights in vertical positionand to maintain the uprights in a row in proper alignment. The uprightsand the alignment strips may be used repeatedly almost indefinitely, andthe plywood panels may be reused a number of times. While it would bepossible to utilize reusable elements for the Wall footing forms, suchforms constitute such a minor part of the entire Wall form andconsequently utilize such a small part of the lumber and labor usuallyrequired that little economy, either in the conservation of labor or ofmaterials, would result from fabricating the footing forms of reusableelements.

In FIGURE 1 a typical footing form is shown in plan and upright portionsof such form appear in FIGURE 5. Stringers 1 of a width corresponding tothe depth of footing desired are placed on edge in parallel relationshipspaced apart a distance equal to the desired width of the footing. Thesestringers are usually set in the bottom of a pit or trench because it isordinarily desired to have the footing placed below the surface of theground. The

lower edges of these stringers should rest evenly on the ground becausethey support the entire wall form and must be level if the completedform is to be straight and true. The spacing between these stringers isestablished and maintained by cross cleats or battens 10, bridgingbetween the upper edges of the stringers and nailed to them. Fillerstrips 11, equal in thickness to the thickness of the battens 10, may benailed to the upper edges of the stringers 1, extending parallel to themand located be tween the cleats 10 if desired, but usually littleconcrete would leak through the space which would be left, even if thesefiller strips were omitted.

Resting on the battens 10 are the lower edges of the form panels 2.While these panels may be metal or plastic sheets, it is preferred thatthey be of plywood /8 or of an inch in thickness. A better wall finishis obtained, and these panels can be used a greater number of times ifthese panels are surfaced with a plastic finish which will determoisture absorption. Such plywood panels usually are four feet in width,and consequently it t is convenient to space apart the uprights 20 intwo-foot increments, so that such an upright will span the joint betweenadjacent panels, and the central portion of the panel in each instancewill be supported by another upright.

Before the panels 2 are actually set in place, the footing form isprecisely straightened by sheet metal alignment strips 12 extendinglengthwise along opposite sides of it. These strips preferably includenarrow flanges 13 projecting upwardly from the edges of the stripsnearer to the center of the form against which the lower edges of theform panels 2 may abut. These flanges are spaced apart a distance equalto the thickness of the wall plus the thickness of the two panel formsides. A-t spaced locations along these strips are groups of holeslocated corresponding to the positions of the battens and of theuprights 2. The holes in each group are arranged in three rows extendingtransversely of the length of the alignment strips, preferably the holesin the rows are aligned transversely of the rows, and also preferablythe i holes along the rows are spaced apart increments of one inch.These alignment strips are secured to the battens 10 by staples 15,having their legs received in adjacent holes of the center row in eachinstance.

The alignment strips 12 may be of any convenient length, but will be ofsubstantial length such as eight, twelve, or sixteen feet, andend jointsbetween them will have substantial overlap to insure that not only thefooting forms within the length of a pair of alignment strips, but alsothe forms throughout the length of any number of alignment strips willbe in precise alignment. The overlapping of the alignment stripsthemselves is immaterial because such strips are quite thin, notexceeding onesixteenth of an inch in thickness. When the footing formshave been completed, as shown in FIGURE 1, therefore, the superstructuremay be set in place. The staples 15 serve as centering guides for theuprights 20, constructed as shown in FIGURES 7 and 8. These uprightshave bodies composed of angle members arranged with adjacent flanges inparallel, spaced-apart relationship, and the other flanges in coplanar,oppositely extending relationship to form a structure of generallyT-shaped section. It is preferred that the bodies of the uprights beadjustable in effective length, and consequently the bodies mayincorporate an additional pair of angle members 22 arranged inlengthwise overlapping relationship with the angle members 21. The anglemembers of these two pairs are apertured to receive connecting bolts 23at spaced locations which will secure the pairs of angles together withportions of varying length overlapping, depending upon the over-alllength of upright required for the particular job.

At opposite ends of the upright are a foot 24 and a head pivoted to theupright ends, and also of T-shaped cross section. The foot and headmembers preferably are identical so that the uprights may be reversedendfor-end. Each foot is secured in the operative position shown inFIGURE 7 by a brace member 26, and the head member is similarlysupported by a brace member 27. The foot and head members may be bentinto the desired cross-sectional shape by folding a metal sheet double,and then bending its edge portions into coplanar relationship formingflanges projecting oppositely away from each other, and in a planeperpendicular to the central rib. The central folded portions formingthe central rib should be spaced apart far enough to leave a deepgroove, which will receive the alignment plate anchoring staples 15 forthe purpose of locating the uprights preliminarily. Such central ribwill be received between the spaced members 22 of the upright. Theoppositely extending flanges of the foot and head members have rows ofapertures 28, which rows are spaced apart corresponding to the outerrows of the hole groups 14 in the alignment strips 12. Also, the spacingof the holes along the rows 28 will correspond to the spacing of theholes along the outer rows of such groups. Moreover, such spacing willbe arranged so that when holes of the rows 28 are in registry with holesof the outer rows of groups 14 the faces of the aligned flanges ofuprights 20 will be coplanar with the flanges 13 of the alignment strips12.

Further rows of registering holes 29 are provided in the body angles 21of the uprights if the angular relationship between the food and thebody or the head and the body of the upright is to be adjustable. Byshifting the anchor bolt for the body end of the brace member 26 intovarious pairs of holes 29, each consisting of holes aligned in the twoangles 21, the angular relationship between the foot 24 and the uprightbody may be shifted from the right-angle relationship shown in FIGURE 7to an acute angle relationship or to an obtuse angle relationship. For avertical wall the head and the foot will both be perpendicular to theupright body, as shown in FIGURES 9 and 10. If one wall of the form isto have batter, as shown in FIGURE 11, the foot member 24 will beadjusted to an obtuse angle relative to the upright body,

and the head will be adjusted to an acute angle relation ship to theupright body. The change in these angles from a right angle, one anincrease and the other a decrease, will be equal, so that the head andthe foot will still be parallel. If the entire wall is to be inclined,the foot of one upright will be disposed at an obtuse angle to the bodyof such upright, and the foot of the other upright will make an acuteangle relative to the body of such upright. Again, the angularrelationships between the heads and the bodies will be opposite, but theadjustments will be supplemental so that the angle of the head with thebody plus the angle of the foot with the body in each instance will be180. The holes 29 should be located sufliciently close together toenable reasonably small changes in angle between the body and the headand foot members to be made.

For storage and transportation purposes it is desirable for the anglebrace members 26 to be disconnectible so that such members and the feetmay be folded into position alongside the body of each upright. The headbrace members 27 and head members 25 should be similarly foldable. Tofacilitate such manipulation the brace members 26 and 27 may be made ofsheet metal folded to provide sides disposed in face-to-facerelationship and spaced apart far enough to fit over the central foldedportion of the head or foot member as the case may be, but spacedclosely enough to fit between the angle members 22 of the body. To foldthe uprights, then, the bolted connections between the head and the footand their respective brace members are unfastened, and the head or footis swung from the position of FIG URE 7 to that of FIGURE 8 in thedirection of the arrow in FIGURE 7, and the brace member in eachinstance is swung in the direction of the arrow shown in FIGURE 7 fromits position of that figure to the position of FIG- URE 8. For ease ofhandling, while being of adequate strength, it is preferred that all theelements of the uprights except the bolts be of aluminum alloy material.

After being adjusted in length as may be desired a d with the feet andheads braced at the desired angles to the bodies, the uprights are readyfor mounting on the footing form structure shown in FIGURE 1. A row ofthese uprights is first installed along one side of the footing form,and their upper ends are interconnected by upper alignment strips 3,which are the same as the lower alignment strips 12. The outer rows ofthe hole groups 14 are aligned with the rows of holes in the uprightheads 25, and double-headed nails 3! are inserted through registeringholes to effect such interconnection. Double-headed nails 16 are alsodriven through holes in the foot of each upright and into strips 11, andperhaps stringers 1, to anchor the feet of the uprights against movementin any horizontal direction and twisting. The row of uprights will thusbe supported in reasonably stable fashion.

If the wall is unusually high or thick, additional bracing of theuprights may be desirable. This may be effected by inteiposing anglemember spacers 31, particularly at the bottom, and, if desired, also atthe top of the wall. The ends of these horizontal spacer members may besecured to the uprights by the bolts interconnecting the bodies and footbraces of the uprights, or they may be secured to the bolts 23interconnecting the body angles 21 and 22 of the uprights. Additionalhorizontal bracing may be afforded by walers 32, also preferably ofangle shape, which may extend along the central portion of the form andspan a considerable number of the uprights. Such walers may be supportedby form ties, as will be explained hereinafter.

When one row of uprights has been placed and interconnected asdescribed,the form wall panels 2 for the corresponding side may be stood edgewiseon the battens abutting the uprights. Assuming that each of the formWall panels is four feet wide and the uprights are spaced apart twofeet, the opposite edges of the panels will have in them semi-circularnotches 4 which in the central portion of the panel may be spaced apartapproximately twenty-four inches with the top and bottom notches aboutsix inches from the upper and lower edges, assuming that the panels areeight feet long. At corresponding locations along the center of eachpanel are holes 40. When the panels are set on the battens 10 inedge-abutting relationship, the notches 4 in adjacent edges of adjacentpanels will match to form complete holes corresponding to holes 40. Thepanels will be located so that the notches 4 and the holes 40 are inregistry with the spaces between the body channels of the uprights, asshown in FIGURES 5 and 6.

As each panel is set in place it is anchored to an upright by form ties41, each having a flattened portion 42 near one end and a head 43 upseton such form tie end smaller than a hole in a form wall panel, throughwhich hole such head is passed. Between the flattened portion and thehead is disposed a washer 44 for engagement with the inner side of thepanel 2 around the hole 40, as shown in FIGURE 13. An expansibletensioning block engaged with the tie wire head 43 will draw the washer44 into firm engagement with the form wall panel.

The tensioning block, shown particularly in FIGURE 13, includes a bentsheet metal body 45 of generally channel shape, including a web of awidth greater than the spacing between the body angles 22 of an uprightshown in FIGURE 13, and having lugs 46 at opposite ends of the Web bentfrom its plane in the direction opposite that in which the body flangesproject. Between the flanges of the body is received a hinged tie Wireengaging channel member 47, the flanges of which fit between the flangesof the body 45. A pivot pin swingably interconnects the body member andthe tie-engaging member, and the head 43 of the tie is passed throughthe larger portion of the keyhole slot in the tie-engaging member and asimilar slot in the web of body 45, and the tensioning block is thenslid downward to engage the tie in the narrow portion of such slot.

The width of the flanges of tie-engaging member 47 preferably isconsiderably less than the width of the flanges of body 45. Also, theflanges of tie-engaging member 47 may taper from the location of thepivot toward the swinging end of such member. A double-headed nail maybe inserted through registering holes in the opposite flanges of thebody 45 close to the swinging member flanges, so that such flanges willengage the nail designated as 52 in FIGURE 13. Such nail serves thedouble purpose of retaining the member 47 swung away from body 45 intie-tensioning position and prevents the tie dropping sufficiently toenable its head to move through the larger portion of the keyhole slot,thus locking the tie and the tensioning block together.

Where a waler 32 as shown in FIGURE 5 is employed, it can be anchored inplace by the form ties extending through the holes and notches of theform panels midway between top and bottom of the form. This waler willhave in it holes 32 of a size to receive through them the heads 43 ofform ties 41, as shown in FIGURE 13. The waler will first be hung on tieends inserted through such holes. Tensioning blocks may then be engagedwith the projecting tie ends and tensioned.

It will be evident that by following the procedure described all thepanels 2 and the uprights constituting one side of a Wall form may be.assembled with the form ties 41 in place before any components of theother form wall are set up. The next step, then, will be to set thepanels 2 for the other form wall in place. The holes 40 and notches 4 ofthese panels will be fitted over the heads on unanchored ends of theform ties, and the panels moved toward the form wall already set upuntil the panels engage the tie Washers 44 and they in turn engage theflattened portions 42 adjacent to the free ends of the ties. Next theuprights will be placed in position standing on the alignment strips 12,and the tensioning blocks may be fitted loosely on the tie ends inengagement with the bodies of the uprights.

When the panels and uprights for the second form walls have thus beenloosely assembled, the feet of the uprights may be secured in place inthe same manner as shown in FIGURE by double-headed nails 16, and theupper alignment strips 3 may be placed on the head of the second row ofuprights and secured in place by doubleheaded nails 16. If longitudinalstiffening members 31 are used, they will now be inserted along thesecond wall of the form, and a waler 32 may be hung on the ties alongthe central portion of the second wall. Next the tensioning blocks willbe expanded to tighten the form ties, and such operation will completethe erection of the wall form for a single story wall.

Concrete will be poured into such a form in the usual way and allowed toset. To remove the forms after the concrete has set, the tie-engagingmember of each tensioning block is pried outward enough to enable nail52 to be withdrawn for collapsing the block. These tensioning blocks arethen removed, and the upper alignment plates 3 lifted off the heads ofthe uprights. The walers and spacers 31 are next taken off, enabling theindividual uprights to be removed by pulling doubleheaded nails 16 andsliding the uprights off the ends of the form ties. As soon as theuprights are removed, the lower alignment strips 12 may be unfastenedand taken off. The panels 2 are thus freed to be slipped off over thetie wire ends because holes 40 are larger than their heads 43. Thefooting forms may or may not be removed, as desired, and the ends of theform ties 41 which were anchored in the forms may be broken off slightlybehind the outer surface of the wall at the flattened portions 42.

As thus far described, the concrete forms would be used for straightwalls, Whether vertical, inclined or tapered. Usually corners will berequired in concrete wall forms, and the form structure for this purposeis shown in FIG- URES l to 4, inclusive. The alignment strips 12 may bearranged in overlapping relationship at the exterior of the corner, asshown at the upper left of FIGURE 1, but at the interior of the cornerthe alignment strips will be cut off so that their ends will not projectinto the wall. Also the flange 13 on one of the outer alignment stripswill be cut off to enable the faces of the main portions of such stripsto contact. The battens can be located so that one panel 2 will bearranged with its edge abutting the face of the outer form wall panelperpendicular to it. Such perpendicular wall panel, as shown at theupper left of FIGURE 2, should project outwardly beyond the abuttingedge of the other wall panel, so that a connecting angle member 33 maybe fastened by bolts or other means to the adjacent panel edges, asshown. A detail of this angle connection is shown in FIGURE 3. Theextent of projection of one panel edge beyond the abutting edge of theother panel will establish the desired location for the other cleats It)so that the holes 49 and notches 4 of the outer wall panels will bealigned with them.

Having set up the outer wall of the form, the panels 2 for the innerform wall at the corner may be cut to the appropriate width for aligningthe holes in such inner panels with the holes in the outer panels. Thefirst of the inner panels to be placed will have its end extended to aposition substantially flush with the position for the inner face of theother inner form Wall. A Z-bar strip 34 will then be nailed to theedgeof this panel, as shown in FIGURE 4, and the abutting edge of the otherinner wall panel may then be engaged in a corner of the Z-bar to hold itagainst movement by inward pressure created by the concrete pouredbetween the form walls.

If it should be desired to pour the wall for a second story, one or moretiers of similar forms may be superimposed upon the forms describedabove, and after the wall has been poured and set in the first two tiersof forms, the lower tier of forms may be removed, and, if desired,superimposed upon the second tier of forms for use in constructing astill higher wall. By following this procedure two sets of forms may beshifted alternately upward to construct a wall of any desired height.

Form elements of the general type described may be utilized inconstructing a eorbel ledge, as illustrated in FIGURES l4 and 15. Toconstruct such a wall structure, the uprights 26 on the outer side ofthe wall will be adjusted longer than the uprights for the inner formwall by an amount equal to the thickness of the eorbel ledge C desired,plus the thickness of a cap strip 35 overlying the upper alignment strip3. This cap strip will preferably be of dimension lumber and will bewide enough to form a eorbel ledge of the desired width plus providing afooting for the side form board 36 of the eorbel ledge. Battens 37nailed to the upper edge of the side board 36 and to the alignment strip3 at the opposite side of the form will hold the form board 36 uprightduring pouring. Also, a board 38, such as a two-by-four, may be placedin the concrete according to conventional practice to form a key groovefor receiving concrete from the next pour above, or to be left in placeto constitute a nailing strip to which floor joists, for example, may benailed.

If a further wall is to be poured above the eorbel ledge, the battens 37will be removed after the concrete in the lower wall has set, and thestrip 38 will be lifted out of its groove. Top form boards 39 and 39'will then be placed on top of the eorbel and on the alignment strip 3 atthe opposite side of the wall, and on these boards will be erected theforms for the next higher wall section in accordance with the techniquedescribed above. It will be evident that the eorbel ledge may be formedat each floor level, if desired, to serve as a bearing for floor joists.

With slight modification, forms of the type described above may be usedin making concrete walls having buttresses. For such walls the form forthe planar wall will have inserted between two regular form wall panelsa special narrow panel 6 which will be two feet in width. It will havetwo rows of apertures near its center to receive special long form ties41. For anchoring the ends of these form ties at the side of the wallform opposite the buttress, an angle or channel stiffening member 60 mayextend horizontally between the uprights 20 adjacent to opposite edgesof the panel 6.

At the buttress side of this wall form a buttress form box will beprovided, including panel 61 spaced outward from the panels 2 formingthe major portion of this form side, boards 62 perpendicular to panel61, and narrow boards 63 between boards 62 and the adjacent form panels2. The width of board 63 plus the width of panel 61 should equal twofeet, and the width of panel 61 will, of course, be selected inaccordance with the desired width of the buttress. The width of boards62 will correspond to the distance the buttress projects, and preferablythe amount of buttress projection should be the same in all instancesalthough the width of buttresses may differ if necessary. By selectingboards 62 of standard width the outer panel 61 of the buttress form canbe secured in place by a U-shaped retaining bar 64 having its oppositeends anchored by bolts to adjacent uprights 20. The tensioning blocksfor the form ties 41' may then bear on this anchoring member, which willbe apertured to receive the heads 43 of the ties.

For such a buttress the footing also should be enlarged by provision ofan ofiset box portion 17, and this footing box portion will be coveredby a U-shaped plate 18 having a flange 19 like the alignment strips 12.This flange will fit the flange 13 of the alignment strips andinterconnect the adjacent ends of adjacent alignment strips. If walersare employed, they will be interrupted at the uprights adjacent to thebuttress form, but the necessary stiffness to the form will be providedat the buttress location by using as many U-shaped buttress retainingbars 64 as may be necessary.

While the concrete form described above has for the most part utilizedframework components of metal, it is entirely possible to incorporatethe principles of my invention in a concrete form employing nearly allwood parts, as shown in FIGURES 17 and 18. In this instance the portionof the form for the footing including the stringers 1 and thecross-cleats or battens with the filler strips 11 between them is thesame as described previously. The uprights, however, are fabricated fromboards 7 disposed in parallel planes spaced apart slightly and securedtogether by bolts 70. The foot for each of these uprights is formed fromtwo angle members 71 having corresponding flanges extendingoppositely'in a plane perpendicular to the planes of boards 7, and theirother corresponding flanges in face-to-face engagement with the outersides of boards 7, respectively, adjacent to one end of them. The boardsare held in such spaced relationship by a spacer member 72 disposedbetween the parallel flanges of angle members 71 and secured by bolts 70and by additional spacer elements located at intervals along the lengthof boards 7 and at the opposite ends of such boards.

At the other ends of the boards 7 head angle members 73 are arranged atopposite sides of each pair of boards forming an upright, and theseangles likewise are disposed with corresponding flanges extendingoppositely and disposed in a plane perpendicular to the planes of theboards 7. Like the angles forming the foot of the upright, the otherflanges of these head angles are secured in face-toface contact with theouter surfaces of the boards 7 by bolts 70. Preferably two such boltsare used to prevent tilting of the angles, although only a single suchbolt may-be used at other locations along these boards.

The uprights composed of the boards 7, angles 71 and 73, spacers 72 andbolts 70, preferably are symmetrical so that they may be used either endup. In most applications uprights of such construction may besubstituted directly for the metal structure uprights described above.The board 7 for most form work may be one-inch lumher four inches wide,although if greater strength is desired wider boards may be used. Suchuprights may be designed with angularly adjustable heads and feet toenable them to be used in forms where batter is required, but for suchapplications metal uprights are preferable.

In FIGURES l7 and 18 the essentially wooden uprights are shown used informs composed entirely of wood except for the form ties 41, thetensioning blocks 45, the head and foot angles of the uprights, bolts 70and nails. In this structure instead of using metal aligning strips onthe footing form boards 74 are used, which may be suitably nailed to thestringers 1 and battens 10. When these alignment strips have been thusproperly located, the wooden uprights may be secured to such boards inappropriate locations both transversely and lengthwise of the boards bydouble-headed nails 75, driven through holes in the flanges of footangles 71 extending transversely of the upright boards 7.

The spacing of the uprights lengthwise of aligning strips 74, as shownin FIGURE 18, will be similar to the spacing discussed in connectionwith the metal uprights. Conveniently such spacing may be every twofeet, so that the panels 6 constituting the form walls, which preferablyare four feet in width, may be disposed with their edge joints inregistry with the space between boards 7 of uprights, as shown in thelower portion of FIGURE 18. The cross ties 41 will be inserted throughholes in the panels erected first along one side of the form andtensioning blocks will be engaged with the ends of such ties insertedbetween the boards of the uprights so that the tensioning blocks willbear against the outer edges of the uprights, as shown in FIGURE 18. Aspreviously described, the panels for the other side of the form are thenput in position with holes in them engaged over the free ends of thecross ties, and the uprights for this second form wall are then securedin place and the other ends of the cross ties anchored to them by thetensioning blocks 45.

When the form panels and uprights have been assembled in this manner,the upper edges of the forms will also be aligned in a manner similar tothat already described, but in this instance the upper aligning strips76' may also be boards secured in place by double-headed nails 77 driventhrough holes in the flanges of the head angles extending transverselyof the upright boards. The form Will then be ready to receive concrete.

It will be appreciated that the general technique of form assemblyutilizing components principally of wood is very similar to thatdescribed in connection with the form structure utilizing metal aligningstrips and uprights. Where wood components are used, therefore, thewidth of the footing may be varied as desired, the position of thealigning strips relative to the footing and consequently the position ofthe wall relative to the footing may be shifted, the form walls may belocated in order to enable a wall of desired thickness to be poured,and, if desired, the form walls or a wall may be inclined for thepurpose of sloping the wall or giving batter to it. All such variationswill follow the precedure for such ramifications discussed inconstructing forms using metal components.

An advantage to the provision of the alignment strips 76 or 3 supportedon the upper ends of the uprights 7 or 20 is that such alignment stripsare sufliciently firmly supported by the uprights to carry the weight ofa person standing on top of the form for the purpose of rodding theconcrete in the form to eliminate air pockets from it.

I claim as my invention:

1. A demountable concrete form comprising two upright, generallyparallel form walls spaced apart, each of said walls including panels ofwood material of greater height than width having upright edges disposedin edgeabutting, junction-forming relationship, and the panel junctionsin the two walls being in registry transversely of said walls, severaluprights disposed at the side of each wall opposite the other wall witheach upright spanning an upright junction of abutting upright edges oftwo of said panels, said uprights respectively abutting in contiguousbacking engagement face portions of said junction-forming panelsadjacent to such junctions but detached from said panel, said abuttingupright panel edges being complementally notched in registry with theuprights spanning the junctions formed by such abutting upright paneledges, respectively, and said uprights having apertures therethrough inregistry with such complemental panel notches, ties extending betweensaid opposite form walls, passing through said panel notches and theapertures of said uprights respectively in registry therewith,interconnecting said uprights at opposite sides of the form and engagingthe inner sides of said wall panels for holding said panels in suchbacking engagement with said uprights, means aligning the lower edges ofsaid panels in coplanar relationship in said respective spaced formwalls, each of said panels being of a height to extend continuously fromadjacent to the bottoms of said uprights engaged therewith to a locationabove the upper ends of such uprights, and two upper aligning stripsrespectively having surfaces disposed coplanar with the panel-abuttingportions of said upright and in contiguous backing engagement with theupper portions of the back surfaces of the panels of said Walls, saidaligning strips extending across such junctions of such panels foraligning the upper edges of the panels in said respective form walls incoplanar relationship, and said aligning strips respectively overlying,being supported on, and interconnecting the upper ends of several of theuprights abutting the panels of their corresponding walls.

2. The demountable concrete form defined in claim 1, and additionaluprights between adjacent ones of the several uprights and betweenopposite upright edges of panels of the walls, disposed in contiguousbacking engagement with such panels of the walls, such panels havingapertures therethrough in registry with said additional uprights andsaid additional uprights having apertures in registry with the panelapertures, and means engaged between the heads of the ties and theuprights for connecting the ties to uprights at opposite sides of theform.

3. A demountable concrete form comprising two upright, generallyparallel form walls spaced apart, each of said walls including panels ofwood material of greater height than width having upright edges disposedin edgeabutting, junction-forming relationship, and the panel junctionsin the two walls being in registry transversely of said walls, uprightseach including two parallel elongated members and means spacedlengthwise of said elongated members and securing them together inspaced relationship leaving slots between said securing means, severalof said uprights being disposed at the side of each wall opposite theother wall with each upright spanning an upright junction of abuttingupright edges of two of said panels, the elongated members of saiduprights respectively abutting in contiguous backing engagement faceportions of said junction-forming panels adjacent to such junctions butdetached from said panels, said abutting upright panel edges beingcomplementary notched in registry with the slots between the spacedelongated members of the uprights spanning the junctions formed by suchabutting upright panel edges, respectively, ties extending between saidopposite form walls, passing through said panel notches and the slotsbetween said elongated members of said uprights respectively in registrytherewith, interconnecting said uprights at opposite sides of the formand engaging the inner sides of said wall panels for holding said panelsin such backing engagement with said uprights, means aligning the loweredges of said panels in coplanar relationship in said respective spacedform walls, each of said panels being of a height to extend continuouslyfrom adjacent to the bottoms of said uprights engaged therewith to alocation above the upper ends of such uprights, and two upper aligningstrips respectively having surfaces disposed coplanar with thepanel-abutting portions of said upright and in contiguous backingengagement with the upper portions of the back surface of the panels ofsaid walls, said aligning strips extending across such junctions of suchpanels for aligning the upper edges of the panels in said respectiveform walls in coplanar relationship, and said aligning stripsrespectively overlying, being supported on, and interconnecting theupper ends of several of the uprights abutting the panels of theircorresponding walls.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS986,565 Hedrich Mar. 14, 1911 1,525,217 Zollinger Feb. 3, 1925 1,597,675Dunseath Aug. 31, 1926 1,747,063 Sullivan Feb. 11, 1930 1,795,338 KnipeMar. 10, 1931 1,970,547 Anderson Aug. 21, 1934 2,020,912 Schenk Nov. 12,1935 2,261,575 Ulrich Nov. 4, 1941 2,298,837 Oswald Oct. 13, 19422,312,983 Summers Mar. 2, 1943 2,387,445 Herring Oct. 23, 1945 2,595,123Callan Apr. 29, 1952 2,614,311 Shook Oct. 21, 1952 2,632,228 HuntingtonMar. 24, 1953 2,713,711 Eandi July 26, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 93,184Switzerland May 1, 1922 UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE CERTIFICATE OFCORRECTION Pa tent No, 3,035,321 May 22, 1962 Victor E, 0, Hennigcorrected below.

Column 12, lines 19 to 37, strike out the list of references cited andinsert the following list:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 955,304 Babel Apr, 19, 1910 986,565 Hedr'ich Mar.14, 1911 1, 171 734 McArthur Feb 15, 1916 1 ,525,217 Z011inger Feb, 3,1925 1,597,675 Dunseath Aug, 31 1926 1 747,063 Sullivan Feb, 11, 1930 1795,338 Knipe Mar, 10, 1931 1 ,970,547 Anderson Aug, 21 1934 2,020,912Schenk Nov, 12, 1935 2,099,077 Pessagno et a1 Nov. 16, 1937 2, 107,427Schwarzler Feb, 8, 1 /55 2, 236,616 B0sc0- Apr, 1 1941 2,261,575 UlricNov, 4 1941 2, 298,837 Oswald Oct, 13, 1942 2,312,983 Summers Mar. 2,1943 2,352, 783 Geer --July 4, 1944 2,387,445 Herring Oct, 23, 19452,442,292 Harc-------------- May 25, 1948 2,535, 277 Fame Dec 26, 195'2,595, 123 Callan Apr, 29, 1952 2,614,311 Shook------------- Oct, 21,1952 2,632,228 Huntingt0n----- Mar. 24, 1953 2,713,711Eandi-----------------Ju1y 26, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 93, 184 Switzer1and--'--- May 1 1922 727,391 Germany July 9, 1942 Signed and sealedthi 16th day of April 1963.

(SEAL) Attest;

ERNESi W. SNIUER DAVID L LAUU Attesting Officer Commissioner of PaLenLs

